Ratios and formulas

All 56 ratios on this page are calculated by Rangler. Percentage results use decimal fractions: 0.184 represents 18.4%.

Asset Quality

Intangibles to assets

intangibles_to_assets · Ratio or multiple

Derived asset quality measure calculated as intangible_assets / total_assets.

• Formula: intangible_assets / total_assets
• Required metrics: intangible_assets, total_assets
• Additional inputs: None

Banking

Cost-to-income ratio

cost_to_income_ratio · Percentage

Derived banking measure calculated as operating_expenses / operating_income.

• Formula: operating_expenses / operating_income
• Required metrics: operating_expenses, operating_income
• Additional inputs: None

Loan to deposit

loan_to_deposit · Ratio or multiple

Derived banking measure calculated as loans_and_advances / customer_deposits.

• Formula: loans_and_advances / customer_deposits
• Required metrics: loans_and_advances, customer_deposits
• Additional inputs: None

Loans to assets

loans_to_assets · Ratio or multiple

Derived banking measure calculated as loans_and_advances / total_assets.

• Formula: loans_and_advances / total_assets
• Required metrics: loans_and_advances, total_assets
• Additional inputs: None

Net interest margin (NIM)

net_interest_margin · Percentage

Derived banking measure calculated as net_interest_income / average_earning_assets.

• Formula: net_interest_income / average_earning_assets
• Required metrics: net_interest_income, loans_and_advances, investment_securities
• Additional inputs: Prior-period values

Cash Flow

Capex to depreciation

capex_to_depreciation · Ratio or multiple

Derived cash flow measure calculated as abs(capital_expenditure) / abs(depreciation_amortisation).

• Formula: abs(capital_expenditure) / abs(depreciation_amortisation)
• Required metrics: capital_expenditure, depreciation_amortisation
• Additional inputs: None

Capex to revenue

capex_to_revenue · Ratio or multiple

Derived cash flow measure calculated as abs(capital_expenditure) / revenue.

• Formula: abs(capital_expenditure) / revenue
• Required metrics: capital_expenditure, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Capital expenditure to operating cash flow

capex_to_ocf · Ratio or multiple

Derived cash flow measure calculated as abs(capital_expenditure) / operating_cash_flow.

• Formula: abs(capital_expenditure) / operating_cash_flow
• Required metrics: capital_expenditure, operating_cash_flow
• Additional inputs: None

Free cash flow (FCF)

free_cash_flow · Currency amount

Derived cash flow measure calculated as operating_cash_flow - abs(capital_expenditure).

• Formula: operating_cash_flow - abs(capital_expenditure)
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow, capital_expenditure
• Additional inputs: None

Free cash flow margin

fcf_margin · Percentage

Derived cash flow measure calculated as free_cash_flow / revenue.

• Formula: free_cash_flow / revenue
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow, capital_expenditure, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Free cash flow to operating cash flow

fcf_to_ocf · Ratio or multiple

Derived cash flow measure calculated as free_cash_flow / operating_cash_flow.

• Formula: free_cash_flow / operating_cash_flow
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow, capital_expenditure
• Additional inputs: None

Operating cash flow to net income

ocf_to_net_income · Ratio or multiple

Derived cash flow measure calculated as operating_cash_flow / profit_after_tax.

• Formula: operating_cash_flow / profit_after_tax
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow, profit_after_tax
• Additional inputs: None

Operating cash flow to sales

ocf_to_sales · Ratio or multiple

Derived cash flow measure calculated as operating_cash_flow / revenue.

• Formula: operating_cash_flow / revenue
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Coverage

Cash flow to debt

cash_flow_to_debt · Ratio or multiple

Derived coverage measure calculated as operating_cash_flow / interest_bearing_debt.

• Formula: operating_cash_flow / interest_bearing_debt
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow, borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities
• Additional inputs: None

Ebitda interest coverage

ebitda_interest_coverage · Ratio or multiple

Derived coverage measure calculated as ebitda / finance_costs.

• Formula: ebitda / finance_costs
• Required metrics: operating_profit, depreciation_amortisation, finance_costs
• Additional inputs: None

Ebitda less capex interest coverage

ebitda_less_capex_interest_coverage · Ratio or multiple

Derived coverage measure calculated as (ebitda - abs(capital_expenditure)) / finance_costs.

• Formula: (ebitda - abs(capital_expenditure)) / finance_costs
• Required metrics: operating_profit, depreciation_amortisation, capital_expenditure, finance_costs
• Additional inputs: None

Interest coverage

interest_coverage · Ratio or multiple

Derived coverage measure calculated as operating_profit / finance_costs.

• Formula: operating_profit / finance_costs
• Required metrics: operating_profit, finance_costs
• Additional inputs: None

Dividends

Dividend payout

dividend_payout · Percentage

Derived dividends measure calculated as dividend_per_share / earnings_per_share.

• Formula: dividend_per_share / earnings_per_share
• Required metrics: dividend_per_share, earnings_per_share
• Additional inputs: None

Efficiency

Asset turnover

asset_turnover · Ratio or multiple

Derived efficiency measure calculated as revenue / average_total_assets.

• Formula: revenue / average_total_assets
• Required metrics: revenue, total_assets
• Additional inputs: Prior-period values

Fixed asset turnover

fixed_asset_turnover · Ratio or multiple

Derived efficiency measure calculated as revenue / average_property_and_equipment.

• Formula: revenue / average_property_and_equipment
• Required metrics: revenue, property_and_equipment
• Additional inputs: Prior-period values

Growth

Operating cash flow growth

operating_cash_flow_growth · Percentage

Derived growth measure calculated as operating_cash_flow / prior_comparable_operating_cash_flow - 1.

• Formula: operating_cash_flow / prior_comparable_operating_cash_flow - 1
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow
• Additional inputs: Prior-period values

Leverage

Assets to equity

assets_to_equity · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as total_assets / total_equity.

• Formula: total_assets / total_equity
• Required metrics: total_assets, total_equity
• Additional inputs: None

Debt to assets

debt_to_assets · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as interest_bearing_debt / total_assets.

• Formula: interest_bearing_debt / total_assets
• Required metrics: borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities, total_assets
• Additional inputs: None

Debt to equity

debt_to_equity · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as interest_bearing_debt / total_equity.

• Formula: interest_bearing_debt / total_equity
• Required metrics: borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities, total_equity
• Additional inputs: None

Equity ratio

equity_ratio · Percentage

Derived leverage measure calculated as total_equity / total_assets.

• Formula: total_equity / total_assets
• Required metrics: total_equity, total_assets
• Additional inputs: None

Liabilities to assets

liabilities_to_assets · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as total_liabilities / total_assets.

• Formula: total_liabilities / total_assets
• Required metrics: total_liabilities, total_assets
• Additional inputs: None

Liabilities to equity

liabilities_to_equity · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as total_liabilities / total_equity.

• Formula: total_liabilities / total_equity
• Required metrics: total_liabilities, total_equity
• Additional inputs: None

Net debt

net_debt · Currency amount

Derived leverage measure calculated as total_debt - cash_and_equivalents.

• Formula: total_debt - cash_and_equivalents
• Required metrics: borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities, cash_and_equivalents
• Additional inputs: None

Net debt to ebitda

net_debt_to_ebitda · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as net_debt / ebitda.

• Formula: net_debt / ebitda
• Required metrics: borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities, cash_and_equivalents, operating_profit, depreciation_amortisation
• Additional inputs: None

Net debt to equity

net_debt_to_equity · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as net_debt / total_equity.

• Formula: net_debt / total_equity
• Required metrics: borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities, cash_and_equivalents, total_equity
• Additional inputs: None

Total debt

total_debt · Currency amount

Derived leverage measure calculated as borrowings + bank_overdraft + lease_liabilities.

• Formula: borrowings + bank_overdraft + lease_liabilities
• Required metrics: borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities
• Additional inputs: None

Total debt to capital

total_debt_to_capital · Ratio or multiple

Derived leverage measure calculated as interest_bearing_debt / (interest_bearing_debt + total_equity).

• Formula: interest_bearing_debt / (interest_bearing_debt + total_equity)
• Required metrics: borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities, total_equity
• Additional inputs: None

Liquidity

Cash ratio

cash_ratio · Ratio or multiple

Derived liquidity measure calculated as cash_and_equivalents / current_liabilities.

• Formula: cash_and_equivalents / current_liabilities
• Required metrics: cash_and_equivalents, total_current_liabilities
• Additional inputs: None

Current ratio

current_ratio · Ratio or multiple

Derived liquidity measure calculated as current_assets / current_liabilities.

• Formula: current_assets / current_liabilities
• Required metrics: total_current_assets, total_current_liabilities
• Additional inputs: None

Quick ratio

quick_ratio · Ratio or multiple

Derived liquidity measure calculated as (current_assets - inventories) / current_liabilities.

• Formula: (current_assets - inventories) / current_liabilities
• Required metrics: total_current_assets, inventories, total_current_liabilities
• Additional inputs: None

Per Share

Book value per share

book_value_per_share · Currency per share

Derived per share measure calculated as owners_equity / period_shares.

• Formula: owners_equity / period_shares
• Required metrics: equity_attributable_to_owners, shares_outstanding
• Additional inputs: None

Operating cash flow per share

operating_cash_flow_per_share · Currency per share

Derived per share measure calculated as operating_cash_flow / period_shares.

• Formula: operating_cash_flow / period_shares
• Required metrics: operating_cash_flow, shares_outstanding
• Additional inputs: None

Revenue per share

revenue_per_share · Currency per share

Derived per share measure calculated as revenue / period_shares.

• Formula: revenue / period_shares
• Required metrics: revenue, shares_outstanding
• Additional inputs: None

Profitability

EBITDA

ebitda · Currency amount

Derived profitability measure calculated as operating_profit + abs(depreciation_amortisation).

• Formula: operating_profit + abs(depreciation_amortisation)
• Required metrics: operating_profit, depreciation_amortisation
• Additional inputs: None

EBITDA margin

ebitda_margin · Percentage

Derived profitability measure calculated as ebitda / revenue.

• Formula: ebitda / revenue
• Required metrics: operating_profit, depreciation_amortisation, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Effective tax rate

effective_tax_rate · Percentage

Derived profitability measure calculated as income_tax / profit_before_tax.

• Formula: income_tax / profit_before_tax
• Required metrics: income_tax, profit_before_tax
• Additional inputs: None

Gross margin

gross_margin · Percentage

Derived profitability measure calculated as gross_profit / revenue.

• Formula: gross_profit / revenue
• Required metrics: gross_profit, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Nopat

nopat · Currency amount

Derived profitability measure calculated as operating_profit * (1 - effective_tax_rate).

• Formula: operating_profit * (1 - effective_tax_rate)
• Required metrics: operating_profit, income_tax, profit_before_tax
• Additional inputs: None

Operating margin

operating_margin · Percentage

Derived profitability measure calculated as operating_profit / revenue.

• Formula: operating_profit / revenue
• Required metrics: operating_profit, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Profit after tax margin

pat_margin · Percentage

Derived profitability measure calculated as profit_after_tax / revenue.

• Formula: profit_after_tax / revenue
• Required metrics: profit_after_tax, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Profit before tax margin

pbt_margin · Percentage

Derived profitability measure calculated as profit_before_tax / revenue.

• Formula: profit_before_tax / revenue
• Required metrics: profit_before_tax, revenue
• Additional inputs: None

Returns

Return on assets (ROA)

return_on_assets · Percentage

Derived returns measure calculated as profit_after_tax / average_total_assets.

• Formula: profit_after_tax / average_total_assets
• Required metrics: profit_after_tax, total_assets
• Additional inputs: Prior-period values

Return on capital employed (ROCE)

return_on_capital_employed · Percentage

Derived returns measure calculated as operating_profit / average_capital_employed.

• Formula: operating_profit / average_capital_employed
• Required metrics: operating_profit, total_equity, borrowings
• Additional inputs: Prior-period values

Return on equity (ROE)

return_on_equity · Percentage

Derived returns measure calculated as owners_profit / average_owners_equity.

• Formula: owners_profit / average_owners_equity
• Required metrics: profit_attributable_to_owners, equity_attributable_to_owners
• Additional inputs: Prior-period values

Return on tangible assets

return_on_tangible_assets · Percentage

Derived returns measure calculated as profit_after_tax / (total_assets - intangible_assets - total_liabilities).

• Formula: profit_after_tax / (total_assets - intangible_assets - total_liabilities)
• Required metrics: profit_after_tax, total_assets, intangible_assets, total_liabilities
• Additional inputs: None

Valuation

Dividend yield

dividend_yield · Percentage

Derived valuation measure calculated as dividend_per_share / price.

• Formula: dividend_per_share / price
• Required metrics: dividend_per_share, price
• Additional inputs: Market data

Earnings yield

earnings_yield · Percentage

Derived valuation measure calculated as earnings_per_share / price.

• Formula: earnings_per_share / price
• Required metrics: earnings_per_share, price
• Additional inputs: Market data

Enterprise value to EBITDA

ev_to_ebitda · Ratio or multiple

Derived valuation measure calculated as (market_cap + net_debt) / ebitda.

• Formula: (market_cap + net_debt) / ebitda
• Required metrics: price, shares_outstanding, borrowings, bank_overdraft, lease_liabilities, cash_and_equivalents, operating_profit, depreciation_amortisation
• Additional inputs: Market data

Price-to-book (P/B)

price_to_book · Ratio or multiple

Derived valuation measure calculated as price / book_value_per_share.

• Formula: price / book_value_per_share
• Required metrics: price, equity_attributable_to_owners, shares_outstanding
• Additional inputs: Market data

Price-to-earnings (P/E)

price_to_earnings · Ratio or multiple

Derived valuation measure calculated as price / earnings_per_share.

• Formula: price / earnings_per_share
• Required metrics: price, earnings_per_share
• Additional inputs: Market data

Price-to-sales (P/S)

price_to_sales · Ratio or multiple

Derived valuation measure calculated as market_cap / revenue.

• Formula: market_cap / revenue
• Required metrics: price, shares_outstanding, revenue
• Additional inputs: Market data